자기 고양적 편견(self serving bias)

(출처 : http://mrplasko-psych-soc.wikispaces.com/Self-serving+bias)

자기 고양적 편견(Self-serving bias)

자기 고양적 편견 (self-serving bias) 은 어떤 개인이 단체의 성공이 자신으로 인한 것으로 여기는 반면, 실패의 경우 다른 구성원의 탓으로 돌리는 경향을 말한다. 일반적으로 자기 고양적 편견은 공동체 사회에서 성공을 자신의 입신양명을 위해 가로채려는 반면, 실패의 책임을 회피하려는 모양으로 자주 발견할 수 있다. 유쾌한 정서와 결합되면 이러한 편견은 더욱 증가한다.^[1][2]

(출처 : http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/자기_고양적_편견)

A self-serving bias, sometimes called a self-serving attributional bias, refers to individuals attributing their successes to internal or personal factors but attributing their failures to external or situational factors.^[1] This bias is a mechanism for individuals to protect or enhance their own self-esteem.^[2] 

For example, a student who attributes a good grade on an exam to his or her own intelligence and hours of studying but a poor grade to the professor’s poor teaching ability and unfair test questions is exhibiting the self-serving bias. 

Studies have shown that similar attributions are made in various situations, such as the workplace,^[3] interpersonal relationships,^[4] sports,^[5] and consumer decisions.^[6] 

Both motivational processes (i.e. self-enhancement, self-preservation) and cognitive processes (i.e. locus of control, self-esteem) influence the self-serving bias.^[7] 

There are both cross-cultural (i.e. individualistic and collectivistic culture differences) and special clinical population (i.e.depression) considerations within the bias.^[8][9] 

Much of the research on the self-serving bias has used participant self-reports of attribution based on experimental manipulation of task outcomes or in naturalistic situations.^[1] Some more modern research, however, has shifted focus to physiological manipulations, such as emotional inducement and neural activation, in an attempt to better understand the biological mechanisms that contribute to the self-serving bias.^[10][11]

(출처 : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-serving_bias)