의과대학 학생들은 어떤 종류의 경험을 통해 과 선택에 영향을 받을까?

---

• 어떤 종류의 경험이 학생들로 하여금 특정 과를 더 선호하게 하고, 특정 과를 기피하게 하는가?
• 임상 경험이 학생들의 전공 선택에 영향을 준다는 것은 이미 알려져 있다.

• 예)
• 세 가지의 clerkship 모두에서 intrinsic work factor에 대한 긍정적인 반응은 강력한 양성 예측자였다.
• Acute patient, favorable orientation towards technology에 대한 선호가 있다면 외과를 더 선호한다. (clerkship이전, 이후 모두). General practice에 대한 선호는 그 반대 방향이다.
• 성별과도 연관이 있어 보임.(However, specialty preferences reflected a certain genderrelated pattern, with men favouring surgery, women favouring general practice and both genders exhibiting equal degrees of inclination for internal medicine. )

---

Med Educ. 2008 Jun;42(6):554-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03008.x. Epub 2008 Apr 23.

The impact of clerkships on students' specialty preferences: what do undergraduates learn for their profession?

Maiorova T, Stevens F, Scherpbier A, van der Zee J.

Source

Institute of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Clinical experiences and gender have been shown to influence medical students' specialty choices. It remains unclear, however, which aspects of experiences make students favour some specialties and reject others. This study aimed to clarify the effects of clerkships on specialtychoice and to identify explanatory factors.

METHODS:

We carried out a longitudinal cohort study to collect data on career preferences and attitudes towards future careers among 3 cohorts ofstudents before and after clerkships in surgery (n = 200), internal medicine (n = 277) and general practice (n = 184). Regression analyses were performed to identify the determinants of career choice and the role of gender.

RESULTS:

Exposure to clinical settings encourages students to opt for a career in the corresponding specialty. Men were more stimulated than women by the general practice clerkship. Gender had no clear role as a predictor of career preference. The major predictor of career choice in all 3 specialties was positive evaluation of work-intrinsic factors. A preference for working with acute patients and technology-oriented work, prestige orientation and insignificance of a controllable lifestyle were determinants of a preference for surgery. Students with a preference for general practice had almost opposite preferences. Those who chose internal medicine favoured a controllable lifestyle.

DISCUSSION:

Factors other than gender appear to drive specialty decisions. Work content, type of patients and lifestyle options play major roles. Consequently, along with teaching about the practice of medicine, the matching of specialty preferences with reality is an essential outcome ofclerkships.